Amarna
Timeline
Non-scholarship
Moses stories
Sigmund Freud's theory:
Moses, having been an Aten Priest,
removed his monotheism to the Jews.
However, the Aten cult loses a public
face 50 years before RamessesII,
popularly thought the Pharaoh
involved.
There are, however,
serious studies concluding Moses was
another name for Akhenaten himself, in
fact.
Moses Hypothesis:
The young Moses, whose mother is
Jewish blood, Queen Tiye, is brother
to the heir of AmenhotepIII,
Thutmoses, who dies at an early age.
Queen Tiye's father was Yu, the Sef
(military advisor) and best friend of
AmenhotepIII. In fact, Yu and his wife
are rich Hyksos aristocracy of the
Delta and are the financial and
political backers who brought forth
Amenhotep for Pharaoh. The Pharaoh's
second son by their daughter Tiye,
Moses now inherits and becomes
AmenhotepIV, The Royal House, and
aristocracy generally, had been
flirting with the One God notions of
the Jews (Hyksos) before the Hyksos
were defeated by Akmoses, first of the
18th Dynasty.
[Manetho lists two Exodus, 480,000 to
Jerusalem aligning with the fall of
the Hyksos capitol at Avaris and
80,000 at the end of the 18th Dynasty
following the confrontation with
Ramesses(1) after the death of
Horemheb] The Hyksos and all their
innovations were brought
into the house of Egypt throughout
the18th Dynasty. They were not
slaves.
AmenhotepIV begins his career pursuing
the Aten, changing
his name to Akhenaten
and bringing his people to Amarna.
Scenario One: Becoming
ever more involved, he reverts to his
early house name, Moses sometime
around 1334BCE blows off the whole
Egyptian Royal House and takes his
people to the Hyksos lands in the Nile
Isthmus. He is absent from view, some
32 years, through the time of
Horemheb. He returns an old man, with
his Cobra Staff to regain the throne
from Horemheb's assistant, Ramesses
(I), who inherited when the childless
Horemeb died.
Most likely Scenario Two:
There is a coup, from which Ay holds
the Royal House together by interceding
before Horemheb and allowing
the Amarna to fall. Ay is the
political figure, Horemheb, the
General who bides his time. Akhenaten
was forced to flee.
Tut and Ankh-S-Amun are raised,
Tut dies, The older Aye, again
retains the Royal House by
marrying Ankh-S-Amun.
In four years, Horemheb
becomes Pharaoh and expunges the Aten
Cult from history.
On Horemheb's death, the old Moses
fails in a last ditch effort to regain
the throne from Horemheb's successor,
Ramesses (I) and leads his people
toward the Jordon River.
The Egyptians called him Akhenaten,
the Jews, Moses.
Queen Tiye
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Amenhotep,
the Great Pharaoh. Reign: June
1386 to 1349 BC or June 1388 BC to
December 1351 BC/1350 BC. Coming
to power at 6 to 12 years of age,
died in regnal year 39. - 1349BC |
Tiye - born: 1398
BC, died: 1338 BC at 60 years
A woman of power, an outsider not
of Egyptian blood, daughter of Yu
the Sef Military adviser, whose
son inherits.
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AmenhotepIII |
Queen
Tiye |
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Forensic examiners
demand that KV55, shown to be
Tutankhaten's father, is a 19 to
22 year old, and if true cannot be
Akhenaton.
If KV55 was young, it is probable
to be Smenkhkare; who is
understood to have been born in
AmenhotepIII 35 or 36.(1353 or
1351) and would make him 2 to 4
years old at the beginning of
Akhenaten's reign, and near 14
when Tutankhaten was born.
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If old, KV55 may be Akhenaten; who would
then seem to be Tutankhaten's father.
If KV55 and KV35YL, the Younger Lady, are
the parents of Tutankhaten, as DNA testing
shows, and KV55 is Smenkhkare, he would
possibly have been a young co-regent with
Akhenaten, to then become Pharaoh and
husband to Merytaten before dying around
1334 at 17 to 22 years old, leaving his
young son in line.
Tutankhaten's mother, KV35YL would
be Smenkhkare's elder sister and has
been judged in her mid-twenties at
death, violently murdered in the midst
of the Amarna. Young Tutankhaten was let
lived. See
Younger Lady
below.
This would
have been at the time Smenkhkare was
associated with Merytaten.
If Smenkhkare is 19 to 22 in 1334, his
mother, Queen Tiye would have been in
her mid to late 40s at his birth.
The
Younger Lady
Stabbed in the side, she was rolled over
for a death blow to the face, probably
spear. DNA analysis shows the Younger Lady
is the daughter of AmenhotepIII and Tiye,
sister of Akhenaten and the mother of
Tutankhaten - the only boy. Being a royal
but second to Nefertiti, who failed
finding an heir after six daughters, it is
conceivable the Younger Lady may have
colluded with Thebes (Waset) in an
unsuccessful attempt to save the withering
Amarna Royal House from its then apparent
disintegration. Such a crime may be the
only scenario that would make the murder
of Tutankhaten's mother plausible.
Tutankhaten lives regardless of paternity,
whether Akhenaten or Smenkhkare.
Smenkhkare goes with Merytaten and expands
his position into a Co-Regency with
Akhenaten with intention to inherit.
If this were some mere jealously or a
power play on the part of Nefertiti, as
has been put forward, certainly
Tutankhaten would not have been allowed to
survive. However, the principals were more
sophisticated. Until an heir was apparent,
Tutankhaten, the only boy, would live.
Aspects:
The Younger Lady is the sister of the
Pharaoh, an equal. Only high crime, that
posed a danger to the throne from their
perspective, could force such punishment.
From the wounds, we can see the murder
seems to have been a graphic and fluid
scene, not the result of a crimes trial
and execution. Therefore we can imagine an
active coup stopped in progress. A good
study might ask who were the actors in
Thebes at this time and who may have been
go-betweens? Or who would have been
thought so, by the Younger lady?
It also may be true
that a conspiracy of the Younger Lady for
the throne could have been a "sting
operation" set up by Nefertiti or her
supporters. Obviously the Younger Lady was
a danger to their presently organized
Royal House, with it's six daughters and
lack of an heir. The precipitation of a
coup could have any one of a very few
possible origins, the Younger lady and her
immediate advisers, Thebes or an
orchestration from without, Nefertiti
being one.
A pressing aspect for the Younger Lady
would have been to stop her son's father,
Smenkhkare from having new heirs with
Merytaten; an effort which was then
unsuccessful.
We also see the three Royals, Akhenaten,
Nefertiti and Merytaten in the midst of
unveiling a renewed House with Pharaohs,
Merytaten and Smenkhkare but where Kiya's
son, Tutankhaten was still inline. If the
Smenkhkare/Merytaten union were fruitless,
Tut would inherit and Kiya would instantly
become Queen-Mother, ending Amarna power.
Such a scenario is checked easily with the
death of Kiya.
The above chronologies leaves me
comfortable concluding the Younger Lady
was murdered either for treason or simply
to retain the Royal House of Amarna.
Another
Important Aspect: The
Younger Lady is the daughter of Queen
Tiye (below, left), widow of
the Great King, AmenhotepIII. Tiye
lived with the actions of her
children. Was she presiding, or a
witness? If the Younger Lady was
colluding with Waset and the Amun
Priesthood, did Queen Tiye's
Hyksos religion sway? Certainly
she remained.
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This lends a certain credence to the
notion that the Younger Lady's plot may
have been wholly genuine and egregious,
and not a "sting" from within.
Queen Tiye's choice would be stark: The
Aten and Akhenaten's Royal House over the
Amun and the life of her daughter. Or did
she watch helplessly?
Kiya: Younger
Lady?
At the time the Younger Lady disappears,
the images of Kiya the "Court Ornament"
are replaced at Amarna with images of
Merytaten, now set in relationship with
Smenkhkare, father of the Younger Ladys'
son, Tutankhaten. This points to Kiya's
concurrent equality with Merytaten and
then also speaks for the possibility of
the "Younger Lady" being the disgraced
Kiya as her dates, temple inscriptions and
station, their ages, the events and time
coincide.
However, scholarship provides speculative
claims of Mitanni origins for Kiya with no
definitive remains to show parentage. The
contemporary exchange of images in the
Sunshade, in my view, proves equality of
station and kingship. Therefore, The
Younger Lady and Kiya are one and the
same.
AmenhotepIV
(Akhenaten) shares power with
father, Amenhotep for 8 years,
then becomes Pharaoh in 1349. He
worships Aten, builds and moves to
Amarna in his 5th regnal year and
changed his name to Akhenaten.
died: 1336 BC or 1334 BC
However, note Timeline 2, at
left.
Hymn to
Aten - tomb of Ay
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Nefertiti has six
daughters. Eldest is Merytaten,
the "Most Beloved", who in time
becomes Pharaoh.
New: They were still in power,
together in year16.
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Akhenaten
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Nefertiti |
Merytaten,
Born 1348BC (Timeline One), year 1
of Akhenaten's reign. Married
Smenkhkare and became the female
Pharaoh, Ankhkheperure-mery-Neferkheperure
following Smenkhkare's death. See
Merytaten
She is of the Aten cult and her
time closes when Tutankhaten is
raised. 1332
However, note Timeline 2.
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Smenkhkare
is possibly of KV55 and father of
the only royal male, Tutankhaten
with the Younger Lady (see above).
He is the young brother of
Akhenaten and groomed for the
throne with Akhenaten's eldest
daughter, Merytaten. Smenkhkare
becomes co-regent with Akhenaten
in his teens and Pharaoh for but a
year.
Timeline Two
allows us to see Merytaten as
Princess, Queen, Pharaoh and
exceptional mind who would have
changed all worlds.
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Merytaten |
Smenkhkare |
The
Aten cult wanes with the fading of
it's leader, Akhenaten.
9 year old, Tutankhaten Marries
his 13 year old sister.
Their names are changed in a
repudiation of the Aten Cult.
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Ankh-S-Amun marries
her brother and becomes Queen of
Egypt.
In 10 years, Tutankhamun dies and
Ankhesenamun is swept into a lost
and tragic struggle against
over-powering forces.
Hymn to
Aten
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Tutankhamun
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Ankh-s-amun |
See
Suppiluliuma's
Egyptian Widow depends
on true dating
and defining death dates for (1)
Merytaten, (2) Tutankhamun and
most importantly: Suppiluliuma.
Dakhamunzu and the Zannanza
Affair depend on Suppiluliuma's
actual active years. Dates in
common sources cannot be
trusted, as most of these
writers are simply copying and
imagining. The Zannanza Affair
concerns the Egyptian Widow and
has centered on Nefertiti,
Merytaten or Ankhesenamun.
Defining their dates against
those of Suppiluliuma is
crucial. Another dating system,
based on Moon-phases against
monument inscriptions, put with
new finds of Pharaonic
wine-bottling dates that create
a 14 year reign for Horemheb
need to be parsed out.
Regardless, I have come to the
decision that only one
possibility exists. Dakh - Amun
- Zu shows a woman of the Amun,
not of the vanquished Aten. -
Both Nefertiti and Merytaten are
public creatures of Aten, where
in both Hieroglyphs and lineage
fact, Ankh-s-amun can only be
the Pharaonic Queen in question.
Dakh (Ankh) Amun S (Zu) are the
characters of her name and
therefore can only be her name.
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